西北太平洋深海海山的一种蛇尾新记录     

张东声  鹿博  王春生  蒂莫西&#;奥哈拉 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(10):180-184

Ophioleila elegans是一种非常少见的蛇尾。2014年大洋35航次中利用“蛟龙”号载人潜器在西北太平洋麦哲伦海山链的采薇平定海山水深1660m处采集到2株该种标本。该种首次发现于夏威夷海山相似的生境当中，本次采集到的样品是继首次发现之后的再次公开报道。本文中对该种的形态学特征，如腕部骨骼等，进行了更加详细的研究，同时基于COI序列进行系统发育分析。形态和系统发育分析的结果都表明，Ophioleila属与辐蛇尾科更加接近。  相似文献   

CORROSION AND ADHERENCE AT SEA OIL-PLATFORM   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马士德  李言涛  黄修明  郑国安  常伟  吴培辉 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,13(3):253-257

Measurements of the adhesive corrosion and protective potentials of 3 Bohai Sea oilplatforms under different cathodic protection showed corrosion still occurred on these platforms undertheir designed protective potentials. Preliminary conclusions from indoor experiments on the relation betweenadhesive corrosion and cathodic protection showed adhering organisms caused the corrosion onthese platforms.  相似文献   

高压技术在深海沉积物兼性嗜压菌的筛选和鉴定中的应用     

游志勇  汤熙翔  肖湘 《台湾海峡》2007,26(4):555-561

通过自行改进的高压培养罐及高压设备,对深海沉积物进行可培养微生物的筛选,获得6株具有较强耐受压力的细菌.16SrDNA的测序结果表明这些细菌分别属于6个不同的菌属.压力生长试验的结果表明这6株细菌在40MPa的条件下仍然具有较强的生长能力,属于兼性嗜压菌.对不同压力下生长的细菌做显微镜检,结果显示,除了一株芽孢杆菌在40MPa下的菌体形态发生了明显的变化外,其它5株细菌在压力条件下的菌体的分裂均没有受到明显的影响.  相似文献   

南海深海盆地沉积柱样中的浊流沉积     

陈峰  蔡锋 《台湾海峡》1992,11(4):339-344

本文根据南海深海盆地三个沉积柱样的粒度结构、地球化学、微体古生物等特征分析,深讨了南海深海盆地细粒沉积物的浊积现象。结果表明,位于南海北部陆架斜坡上KL37孔的浊流沉积现象并不明显;位于陆架斜坡和深海盆地交界处的KL29孔存在着大量的浊积层,属于浊流沉积和半远洋沉积环境;位于南海盆地中部的KL91孔虽然已属于远洋性沉积环境,但除出现火山灰沉积外,浊流沉积作用仍然是相当活跃的。  相似文献   

浅地层剖面在富钴结壳调查研究中的应用   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

李守军  陶春辉  初凤友  吴自银 《海洋技术学报》2007,26(1):54-57

文中以Topas PS018系统为例简要介绍浅地层剖面仪的工作原理和系统组成,重点介绍浅地层剖面在大洋富钴结壳资源调查研究中的应用情况。浅地层剖面资料与联合作业的海底视像、岩芯取样等资料进行对比和分析,发现浅地层剖面能够有效识别基岩、板状结壳、砾状结壳、砂、沉积物等不同底质类型,对浅地层剖面资料进行深入挖掘能够提取出富钴结壳矿区界线信息。  相似文献   

粘土矿物去除赤潮生物的动力学研究   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：12  

俞志明  邹景忠  马锡年  王利峡 《海洋与湖沼》1995,26(1):1-6

于１９９２年４－９月进行粘土矿的絮凝赤潮生物（微型原甲藻）的动力学研究；考察粘土种类、浓度、第二组分（ＰＡＣＳ）和ＰＨ等因素对絮凝速率的影响，建立粘土矿物絮凝赤潮生物的动力学模型，从理论上分析和讨论各种因素的影响，并提出提高絮凝速率的方法和途径。结果表明，高岭土体系絮凝速率大于蒙脱土体系，其速率方程可用双分子反应来描述。其中，速率常数随絮凝过程发生变化；粒子间的相互作用能和作用半径是控制和影响絮凝  相似文献   

鲈鱼胆汁中芘及代谢产物含量与水体中芘含量的关系     

林建清  洪华生  王新红  陈伟琪 《台湾海峡》2004,23(2):123-130

运用GC—MS的方法和荧光分光光度法，研究鲈鱼分别暴露于0．1、1．0和10．0μg／dm^3质量浓度芘溶液中7d，水体中芘及其鲈鱼胆汁中芘和1-羟基芘含量的变化,实验结果显示：(1)鲈鱼对水体中的芘具有非常显著的去除作用。(2)随着芘暴露浓度的增大，鲈鱼对芘的代谢去除作用增强。(3)随着暴露时间的延长和芘暴露浓度的增大，胆汁的1-羟基芘浓度递增。(4)鲈鱼胆汁具有较高的芘浓度，对海水中的芘具有较强的富集作用。(5)鲈鱼胆汁的1-羟基芘及芘的浓度与水体芘浓度均具有很好的相关性，对于指示水体的芘污染程度具有一致性；可作为指示水体芘污染程度的生物标志物。  相似文献   

Differential Colonization of Roots of Rhizophora mangle by the Wood Boring Isopod Sphaeroma terebrans as a Mechanism to Increase Root Density     

Georg  Ribi 《Marine Ecology》1982,3(1):13-19

Abstract. The frequency of parasitism of free ending prop roots of the red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle, by the wood boring isopod Sphaeroma terebrans, increased with increasing distance of the endings to established roots. In a field experiment, in which isolated endings were, surrounded by wooden sticks, the endings were colonized by S. terebrans at a lower rate than control endings, thus indicating that the wooden structures in the vicinity of the ending tended to reduce colonization rate by S. terebrans. It is concluded that S. terebrans may cause mangrove root density to increase by colonizing peripheral endings more readily than endings which are near established roots.  相似文献   

Impact of urban stormwater runoff on estuarine environmental quality     

Hueiwang Anna C. Jeng  Andrew J. Englande  Reda M. Bakeer  Henry B. Bradford 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2005,63(4):513-526

Urban stormwater runoff could contribute to the deterioration of water quality of a receiving water body. In this research, field studies and laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the microbial contamination resulting from urban stormwater runoff into the Lake Pontchartrain estuary. Fecal coliform, Escherichia coli and enterococci were used as indicator organisms. The specific objectives of the research were to examine the distribution of the indicator organisms in different environmental elements (water column, suspended particles and sediment) and to further investigate the mechanisms related to their fate. Results of the research indicated satisfactory water quality at the study sites during dry weather periods. However, a significant increase was observed in the concentrations of the indicator organisms in the water columns and sediment at specific study sites following a given stormwater event. Three to seven days were needed for the elevated indicator organisms to return back to their background levels in the water column and sediment, respectively. The mechanism of sedimentation contributed to a reduction in the microbial concentration in the water column, as the indicator organisms were found to attach to the suspended particles in the stormwater. The percentage of fecal coliform, E. coli and enterococci attached to the suspended particles was found to be within the range of 9.8–27.5%, 21.8–30.4%, and 8.4–11.5% of the total indicator organisms in the stormwater loaded into the estuary, respectively. About 75–80% of the total indicator organisms remained free-floating for some distance in the water column before dying off.  相似文献   

热带太平洋深海微生物的若干生理生态特征     

骆祝华  裴耀文  黄翔玲  叶德赞 《海洋学报》2006,28(5):130-137

从2001年春、秋季于热带太平洋区采集到的深海样品中共分离到110株微生物,从中挑取31株进行形态特征和对环境理化因子适应特征的研究,同时利用Biolog微生物自动鉴定系统进行菌种鉴定和碳源代谢分析.结果表明:31株微生物中2株为酵母,21株为革兰氏阳性细菌,8株为革兰氏阴性细菌,来自底质的细菌菌株阳性菌占优势,而海水、蓝藻中阴性菌居多;温度、盐度、pH适应性试验表明,严格意义上的狭适性微生物不到总数的1/3,而具有较宽生态幅的广适性微生物占有相当大的比例.另一方面,耐冷菌、中度嗜盐菌和抗碱菌在这些微生物中的比例很高,同时,来自蓝藻的菌株大多数在4℃下不生长,而来自上覆水和底质的菌株可在4℃生长,这些都体现了微生物对生存环境的响应.31株微生物经Biolog鉴定12株得出鉴定结果.15株革兰氏阳性细菌对95种碳源的利用能力分析表明,不同菌株可利用碳源的数目从3种到46种不等,差异很大,体现了深海微生物营养类型的极大多样性;同时,发现有8种碳源可被一半以上的受试菌株所利用,这些碳源均是微生物各类代谢途径中的重要中间代谢物.  相似文献